About HBR
EDITOR IN CHIEF
Adi Ignatius
Adi Ignatius
EDITOR, HBR
Amy Bernstein
Amy Bernstein
EDITOR, HBR.ORG
Maureen Hoch
Maureen Hoch
EDITORIAL DIRECTOR, HBR PRESS
Melinda Merino
Melinda Merino
EXECUTIVE CREATIVE DIRECTOR
John Korpics
John Korpics
EXECUTIVE EDITORS
Alison Beard
Daniel McGinn
Sarah Moughty
Ania G. Wieckowski
Alison Beard
Daniel McGinn
Sarah Moughty
Ania G. Wieckowski
EDITORIAL
SENIOR EDITORS Scott Berinato, Courtney Cashman, David Champion, Paige Cohen, Kevin Evers, Holly Bauer Forsyth, Gretchen Gavett, Eben Harrell, Jeff Kehoe, Scott LaPierre, Toby Lester, Dave Lievens, Juan Martinez, Amy Meeker, Curt Nickisch, Steven Prokesch, Vasundhara Sawhney, Thomas Stackpole, Erica Truxler
PRODUCTION DIRECTOR & MANAGING EDITOR, HBR PRESS Allison Peter
SENIOR ASSOCIATE EDITOR Susan Francis
ASSOCIATE EDITORS Stefanie Fernández, Ramsey Khabbaz, Emma Waldman
ARTICLES EDITORS Christina Bortz, Susan Donovan, Martha Lee Spaulding
DIRECTOR, EDITORIAL AUDIENCE Nicole D. Smith
SENIOR ASSOCIATE EDITOR, AUDIENCE ENGAGEMENT Kelsey Hansen
SENIOR AUDIO PRODUCERS Amanda Kersey, Anne Noyes Saini
ASSOCIATE AUDIO PRODUCER Hannah Bates
EDITORIAL COORDINATORS Rachel DuRose, Cheyenne Paterson, Taylour Peters
STAFF ASSISTANT Christine C. Jack
CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Sarah Cliffe, Karen Dillon, Walter Frick, Amy Gallo, Jane Heifetz, Paul Hemp, John Landry, Gardiner Morse, Andrew O’Connell, Anand P. Raman, Dana Rousmaniere
CONTRIBUTING STAFF Eileen Ahuja, Leslie Cauldwell, Jenny Cromie, Kathryn K. Dahl, Sarabeth Fields, Kelly Messier, Annie Noonan, JM Olejarz, Debbie White
DESIGN
DESIGN DIRECTORS Stephani Finks, HBR Press; Susannah Haesche, HBR; Marta Kusztra, Product & UX
ASSOCIATE DESIGN DIRECTOR Karen Player, Multimedia
SENIOR GRAPHICS EDITOR Macaulay Campbell
SENIOR DESIGNERS Carey Bass, HBR; Kim Lapan, UX
SENIOR PHOTO EDITOR Sasha Patkin
DESIGNERS Alex Belser, Multimedia; So Young Park, Product
CONTRIBUTING DESIGNER Yuliya Bas
PRODUCTION
DIRECTOR, EDITORIAL PRODUCTION Dana Lissy
MANAGER, EDITORIAL PRODUCTION Christine Wilder
SENIOR PRODUCTION EDITORS Kristin Murphy Romano, Jennifer Waring
PRODUCTION EDITORS Victoria Desmond, Jodi Fisher, Anne Starr
SENIOR PRODUCTION SPECIALIST Robert Eckhardt
PRODUCTION SPECIALIST Alexie Rodriguez
EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD
Bharat Anand, Azeem Azhar, John Battelle, Marcus Buckingham, Nicco Mele, Vivek Shah
COPRESIDENT, HARVARD BUSINESS PUBLISHING
Sarah McConville
Sarah McConville
VICE PRESIDENT, DEPUTY PUBLISHER
Erika Heilman
Erika Heilman
VICE PRESIDENT, GLOBAL ADVERTISING SALES
Gail Day
Gail Day
VICE PRESIDENT, NATIONAL ADVERTISING & MARKETING
Craig Catalano
Craig Catalano
MANAGING DIRECTOR, DIGITAL PRODUCT STRATEGY
Dave Lefort
Dave Lefort
ADVERTISING
MANAGING DIRECTOR, ANALYTIC SERVICES Alex Clemente
DIRECTOR, INTERNATIONAL ADVERTISING & PARTNERSHIPS Daniel Cohen
DIRECTOR OF RESEARCH, ANALYTIC SERVICES Beth Tracton-Bishop
SENIOR EDITOR, RESEARCH & SPECIAL PROJECTS Todd Pruzan
MANAGING EDITOR, ANALYTIC SERVICES Anthony Baldo
SENIOR EDITOR, ANALYTIC SERVICES Ronald Fink
DIRECTOR, MARKETING Yasir Salem
DIRECTOR OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT, ANALYTIC SERVICES Samantha Barry
SENIOR MANAGER, MARKETING Samantha Holloway
MANAGER, MARKETING Mary Callaghan
COORDINATOR, MARKETING Caitlin Amorin
CONTRIBUTING CONSULTANT MaryAlice Holmes
MARKETING & COMMUNICATIONS
DIRECTOR, CONSUMER MARKETING Nini Diana
DIRECTOR, COMMUNICATIONS Amy Poftak
ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR, MARKETING FOR CUSTOMER JOURNEYS Caty Jackson
SENIOR MANAGER, REVENUE & RETENTION Corrine Callahan
SENIOR MANAGER, LEAD GENERATION & CONVERSION Josh Getman
SPECIALIST, DIGITAL MARKETING Stephanie Kazemi
PRODUCT MANAGEMENT
DIRECTOR, PRODUCT MANAGEMENT Anne Bartholomew
SENIOR TECHNICAL PRODUCT MANAGER Frederic Lalande
SENIOR PRODUCT MANAGER Jon Goldberg
SENIOR PRODUCT MARKETING MANAGER, LEARNING Marqui Mapp-Taylor
PRODUCT MANAGER Dhanan Lathia
PRODUCT MANAGER, AUDIO Ian Fox
AGILE PROJECT MANAGER Kara Berrini
BUSINESS & CUSTOMER ANALYTICS
SENIOR DIRECTOR, BUSINESS ANALYTICS & INSIGHTS Jessica Avery
DIRECTOR, CUSTOMER & MARKETING ANALYTICS Emily Freeman Kroger
ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR, EMAIL AUTOMATION & OPERATIONS Jerry Knott
SENIOR MANAGER, CUSTOMER & MARKETING ANALYTICS Ellen Bonaccorsi
ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR, EXPERIMENTATION & ANALYTICS Abigail Dawson
SENIOR MANAGER, EMAIL PRODUCTION Frances Lee
MANAGER, EMAIL MARKETING Cara Vaccaro
SENIOR MANAGER, EXPERIMENTATION & ANALYTICS Chris Chaky
MANAGER, EMAIL MARKETING Milo Goodman
ANALYST, MARKETING David Gikoshvili
FINANCE & OPERATIONS
SENIOR DIRECTOR, FINANCE & OPERATIONS Greg St. Pierre
SENIOR DIRECTOR, INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY Kate Griffin
ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR, OPERATIONS & CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE Greg Daly
SENIOR MANAGER, FINANCE Krishna Dudhwewala
MANAGER, CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE Danielle Weber
SPECIALIST, DATA INTEGRITY & OPERATIONS Edward D. Domina IV
FINANCIAL ANALYST Olivia Johnston
HBR PRESS
COMMERCIAL DIRECTOR Jon Shipley
DIRECTOR, MARKETING & COMMUNICATIONS Julie Devoll
ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR, MEDIA & COMMUNICATIONS Sally Ashworth
ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR, PUBLICITY Felicia Sinusas
SENIOR MANAGER, MANUFACTURING Rick Emanuel
ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR, DIRECT & CUSTOM SALES, HBRG Lindsey Dietrich
MANAGER, MARKETING & COMMUNICATIONS Alexandra Kephart
COORDINATOR, SALES Jordan Concannon
TECHNOLOGY
LEAD APPLICATION DEVELOPER Matt Wagner
SENIOR WEB DEVELOPER Kenneth Pereira
SENIOR RELEASE ENGINEER Matthew Han
SENIOR APPLICATION DEVELOPER Rollin Crittendon
FRONT-END ENGINEER Caitlin Smith